Many lessons were learned during last years devastating outbreak of ebola virus disease in west africa. Viral hemorrhagic fever filovirus marburg hemorrhagic fever is a severe viral, zoonotic disease in humans and nonhuman primates. Pdf marburg virus belongs to the genus marburgvirus in the family filoviridae and causes a severe. Marburgvirus, genus of viruses in family filoviridae, known for causing severe disease in humans and other primates.
The epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of ebola and marburg virus disease will bepresented here. Marburg haemorrhagic fever was initially detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in marburg, from which the disease takes its name, and frankfurt in germany. The largestever recorded outbreak of viral hemorrhagic fever is ongoing. Marburg virus news and research rss marburg virus or simply marburg is the common name for the the genus of viruses marburgvirus, which contains one species, lake victoria marburgvirus. Due to the epidemic and rural nature of outbreaks, little is published about the filovirus infections ebola virus disease and marburg disease in pregnancy. Marburg virus disease wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. A big one is that field clinics operating in remote settings desperately need a simple, rapid, and accurate test that can tell doctors on the spotwith just a drop of bloodwhether or not a person has an active ebola infection. Postexposure intramuscular administration of bcx4430 protects against evd and marburg virus disease in rodent infection models. Marburg virus disease are now preferred by the world health organization who and some other. The number of deaths has been revised downward from 329 to 227, according to south africa s. It soon became obvious that the illness was a hitherto unknown infectious disease. Marburg virus disease postgraduate medical journal.
Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of. In the late summer of 1967, several patients suffering from a severe disease were admitted to the department of medicine of the marburg university. The marburg virus is a genetically unique zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, and its recognition led to the creation of this virus family. Marburg virus disease synonyms, marburg virus disease pronunciation, marburg virus disease translation, english dictionary definition of marburg virus disease. Center for infectious disease research and policy office of the vice president for research, university of minnesota, minneapolis, mn. Five distinct species of the genus ebolavirus have been reported. Sheilagh b smit at national institute for communicable diseases. On march 23, 2014, the world health organization who announced that an ebola virus outbreak that started in the republic of guinea in december 20 had spread to numerous west african countries. Examples of marburg or ebola virus disease case definitions that may be used. Index cases occurred in europe during 1967 among laboratory workers who handled tissues and blood samples of nonhuman primates from africa.
Marburg virus disease mvd, formerly known as marburg haemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often fatal illness in humans. Pdf multidistrict outbreak of marburg virus diseaseuganda, 2012. Marburg virus is one of 2 viruses belonging to the filovirus family. In addition, bcx4430 completely protected cynomolgus macaques from marburg virus infection when.
Marburg virus was first isolated during an outbreak in europe in 1967. Thereafter, marv was reported throughout subsaharan africa. Marburg haemorrhagic fever was initially detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in marburg and frankfurt in germany. Get the facts on the history, symptoms, and treatment of marburg virus disease, formerly known as marburg hemorrhagic fever. Ebola sudan and marburg are among the worlds deadliest viruses. Marburg virus definition of marburg virus by medical. Pdf clinical aspects of marburg hemorrhagic fever researchgate. Multidistrict outbreak of marburg virus diseaseuganda, 2012.
Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg haemorrhagic fever mhf, a disease with a case fatality ratio of up to 88%. Ebola and marburg virus disease epidemics world health. The casefatality rate for marburg hemorrhagic fever is between 2390%. The first outbreak occurred simultaneously in 1967 in marburg, frankfurt, and belgrade with 31 human cases, 7 of which were. A hitherto unknown infectious disease contracted from monkeys. Marburg virus disease facts you should know about this viral disease. Marburg virus marv causes marburg virus disease in humans and nonhuman primates, a form of viral hemorrhagic fever. A hamster model for marburg virus infection accurately. The reservoir host of marburg virus is the african fruit bat, rousettus aegyptiacus. A filovirus causing an acute, often fatal form of hemorrhagic fever that was originally identified in people who had contact with vervet monkeys in a.
Marburg virus disease has an incubation period ranging from 221 days usually 510 days. University of the free state, bloemfontein, south af. Pdf to determine reservoir hosts for marburg virus marv, we examined the fauna of. Marburg virus affects both humans and nonhuman primates. The aetiological agent was identified as an rns virus and was named marburg virus. The disease is characterized by a sudden onset of high fever, headache and general malaise.
One species has been described, marburg marburgvirus formerly lake victoria marburgvirus, which is represented by two viruses, ravn virus ravv and marburg virus marv. Marburg virus, harbored by fruit bats, has over the years caused 12 known outbreaks in subsaharan africa. Marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf is similar to the disease caused by ebola virus ebov and is. Marburg virus is related to the ebola virus in that both viruses belong to the filovirus family. Marburg virus an rna virus occurring in africa, transmitted by insect bites, and causing marburg virus disease. The main clinical features were headache, high fever, diarrhoea, a very characteristic rash, severe bleeding tendency and involvement of the central nervous system.
The virus that causes marburg hemorrhagic fever, a disease which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg virus disease outbreak in kween district uganda. Primates including humans can become infected with marburg virus, and may develop serious disease with high mortality. The first outbreak occurred simultaneously in 1967 in marburg, frankfurt, and belgrade with 31 human cases, 7 of which were fatal. Marburg virus disease previously known as marburg haemorrhagic fever is a virulent disease caused by the marburg virus and has a high case fatality rate cfr that can range between 2580%. Who what you need to know about the ebola virus and how can ebola waste be. The course of the illness was mild and may have been modified by treatment with human interferon and convalescent serum. Marburg virus in fruit bat, kenya volume 16, number 2.
Marburg virus disease mvd is a severe infectious disease caused by marburg virus, a member of the filoviridae family, which also includes ebola viruses. In contrast to ebola hemorrhagic fever ehf, for which outbreaks have been. Gastrointestinal symptoms usually appear by the third day nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. Angola declares worst marburg outbreak over cidrap. Nov 10, 2005 cidrap news after a harrowing year of trying to stop the spread of the lethal marburg virus, angola has declared itself free of marburg hemorrhagic fever, according to news reports. Clinical aspects of marburg hemorrhagic fever ncbi nih. Marburg virus definition of marburg virus by the free. Because many of the signs and symptoms of marburg hemorrhagic fever are similar to those of other infectious diseases such as malaria or typhoid fever, clinical diagnosis of the disease can be difficult, especially if only a single case is involved. Centers for disease control and prevention office of public health scientific services ophss center for surveillance, epidemiology, and laboratory services csels. Mvd is a severe and highly fatal disease caused by a virus from.
Ebola virus disease and marburg disease in pregnancy. Lake victoria marburgvirus marv causes severe hemorrhagic fever with a high casefatality rate in humans. Marburg virus marv, a close relative of ebola virus, is the causative agent of a severe human disease known as marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf. Fruit bats infected with marburg virus do not to show obvious signs of illness. Marburg virus is an animal virus that has infected the human race and first reported from marburg. Marburg virus is a hemorrhagic fever virus of the filoviridae family of viruses and a member of the species marburg marburgvirus, genus marburgvirus. Marburg and ebola viruses are both members of the filoviridae family filovirus. Marburg virus disease is an emerging and highly virulent epidemicprone disease associated with high case fatality rates cfr. Diseases that cause haemorrhagic fevers, such as marburg, are often fatal as they affect the bodys vascular system how blood moves through the body.
Marburg haemorrhagic fever who regional office for africa. The virus is transmitted by direct contact with the blood, body fluids and tissues of infected persons or wild animals e. Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967 when outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever occurred in laboratories located in marburg and frankfurt, germany and belgrade, yugoslavia presentday serbia. Marburg virus disease outbreak, uganda, 2012 jid s1. Marburg virus synonyms, marburg virus pronunciation, marburg virus translation, english dictionary definition of marburg virus. Nearly all organs were involved and showed severe cell necroses.
Human tohuman transmission of ebola virus ebov not been reported, the. Pdf haematological findings in marburg virus disease. Marburg virus disease an overview sciencedirect topics. Pdf studies of reservoir hosts for marburg virus researchgate. It soon became obvious that the illness was a hither. Pdf ebola virus disease, management, and prevention.
Like ebola, marburg virus is found in africa and rarely infects humans, but can cause outbreaks with high mortality rates roughly 20% to 90% when it does. Philippines were virusfree after the infected export facility. Marburg virus disease is a severe disease that causes haemorrhagic fever in humans and animals. Marburg virus disease, formerly known as marburg virus hemorrhagic fever, disease caused by infection with a marburg virus, a filovirus that belongs to a family filoviridae of rna viruses that also includes ebola virus. Marburg virus is considered to be a reemerging pathogen that poses a significant threat to human health.
In the late summer of 1967 an epidemic in thirtyone patients in germany and yugoslavia of a disease transmitted from african green monkeys occurred. Marburg virus disease mvd formerly known as marburg haemorrhagic fever was first identified in 1967 during epidemics in marburg and frankfurt in germany and belgrade in the former yugoslavia from importation of infected monkeys from uganda. Mvd is a viral hemorrhagic fever vhf, and the clinical symptoms are indistinguishable from eb. Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg virus disease mvd, a disease with a case fatality ratio of up to 88%.
However, it also is likely that the virus is circulating free in plasma. Marburg virus is a singlestranded rna virus genus marburgvirus, family filoviridae that is the etiologic agent of marburg hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates mehedi et al. Marburg hemorrhagic fever centers for disease control. Marburg virus disease latest news and research updates. Viral hemorrhagic fevers ebola and marburg the center for. Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976,who reports 24 outbreaks,28,633 cases and 11,315 deaths in the recent outbreak.